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- 3D Graph Ver 2.0 by Jason Melquist
-
- Files needed:
-
- 3dgraph.exe (the program)
- oldgraphs.sav (data file)
- readme.txt (these instructions)
-
- The development of this program came about as a result of
- a class I took at Mankato State University, MN: calculus III.
- One goal of the class was to be able to graph a function of x
- and y in 3 dimensions. On 2D paper (the only kind I know of!!)
- it was difficult for anyone else to get any perspective of it.
- So I wrote this program to make these graphs easier to view.
- Later I added the ability to do 2 dimensional graphs as well,
- and the option to use both parametric and implicit equations.
- Too bad I didn't write this during the class, but enough cry'n
- over spilt milk...
-
-
- Quick Disclaimer:
- 3D Graph is ShareWare. That means that you can use the
- demo and distribute it freely if:
- 1) all files are included
- 2) no modifications are made to any of these files
-
-
- INSTALLATION:
-
- Simply make a directory and copy all 3 files into that
- directory. Then run the executable from Windows.
- This program runs on the following platforms:
- Windows 3.x
- Windows 95
- Windows NT
- I recommend at least a 486DX/100MHz or a Pent/586
- A P120 or higher runs it best for fluid movement.
-
- FEATURES:
-
- 3D Graph allows you to view a graph in three-Dimensions and to
- roll the graph around in real time so you can actually SEE the
- graph in 3D! You can adjust many features including:
- the ranges of X, Y, and Z
- the detail of the graph
- auto centering
- save graphs to disk for later viewing
- and much more!
-
- The program comes packaged with a handful of graphs for you to
- view and roll around, zoom into/outof, change the ranges, etc.
- When you think you're ready you can enter your own formulas,
- which of course, is what the program was written for!
- With 3D Graph, you can see the awesome capabilities that 3D
- graphics offers to the mathematician, student, or anyone
- interested in graphing for that reason!
-
- TO GET YOU STARTED:
-
- The interface is simple enough yet extremely powerful. To
- start, look at the saved graphs that come packaged with 3D Graph.
- To do this, simply choose one of the formulas listed in the
- drop-down box in the upper right corner of the program.
- There are four different kinds of graphs, each prefixed by:
- "xyz(t)=" for 3D-parametric
- "z(s,y)=" for 3D-implicit
- "xy(t)=" for 2D-parametric
- "y(x)=" for 2D implicit.
- Once you have chosen a graph, 3D Graph will choose the appropriate
- view for the graph, and the dialog boxes which apply will appear.
- You will see in the graph window, the word "working..." appear for
- a moment or two; then a graph will appear there. If you chose a 3D
- graph you can spin it around to get a better perspective on it.
- Just move your mouse to the graph window (the cursor turns into
- a four way arrow), press the left mouse button, and drag the graph
- around....whoa! You're rotating the graph in 3D!
- Feel free to take a look at all the saved graphs...and play around
- with 'em. The orientation of the graph is as follows:
- the x-axis extends towards you as x increases
- the y-axis extends to the right as y increases
- the z-axis extends upwards as z increases
-
-
- THE VIEWING COORDINATES:
-
- when viewing 3D graphs the coordinates are as follows:
- the x-axis extends directly at the viewer
- as x values increase.
- the y-axis extends to the right
- as y values increase.
- the z-axis extends vertically
- as z values increase.
-
- Here is a view of the axes:
- z-axis /\
- |
- |
- |
- +------> y-axis
- /
- /
- |/_
- x-axis
-
-
- WHAT IS THE "VIEW REFERENCE BOX" CHECKBOX FOR?
-
- With this checked (the default), any 3 dimensional graph is inscribed
- within a wireframe box, the front edges of which are blue. This is to
- give the viewer a better perspective of just what angle they are viewing
- the graph at. This is especially useful when viewing 3D-parametric
- graphs where the resulting graphs are curves or lines in space as
- opposed to surfaces. Without the reference box, getting a perspective
- on the curve is difficult.
-
-
- TO ENTER A FORMULA
-
- The formula for a 3D-implicit function is in the form of z(x,y).
- Which simply means that the Z value depends on the values of
- X and Y. Just like Y depends on X in a 2D-implicit graph.
- For a 3D-parametric graph there are 3 formulas one for x one for y and
- one for z each gaining there value by manipulating the variable t.
- Similarly, 2d-parametric graphs have 2 formulas, one for x
- and the other for y each depending on the value of t.
-
- You have many operators at your disposal. Of course the standard:
- +,-,*,/,^
- are all legal and follow normal order of operations (meaning that
- unless parentheses state otherwise, ^ operator has priority over
- the * and / which in turn have priority over + and - operators.
- Here are the other operators offered and their syntax:
- operator meaning example
- ------------------------------------------------
- sin sine sin(x+y)
- cos cosine cos(x+y)
- tan tangent tan(x+y)
- abs absolute value abs(x+y)
- sqr square root sqr(x+y)
-
- Of course you can use these in combination with other stuff like:
- f(x,y)=sin(x)*cos(y)^abs(x-y)
-
- Also available are the constants e and pi.
- Use them any place you would use them normally such as:
- f(x,y)=sin(x*pi) or
- f(x,y)=e^x-e^y
-
-
-
- THE LIMITS OF X,Y,Z AND T:
-
- You can change the limits of the viewed graphs by simply
- entering new ones in the appropriate box. If you've worked with
- graphing, you've noticed that the range of a variable is denoted:
- -3.14 < X < 3.14
- In this example, the range of X is between -3.14 and +3.14
- the same is true for the Y and T range. the Z range is a little
- different because of the nature of graphing a function with the form:
- z(x,y)= ????
- the value of Z depends on X and Y. So the reason for having
- a limit for Z is this: if you were to graph the function:
- z(x,y)=1/sqr(x^2+y^2)
- you get a flat graph which as you get closer to the origin, goes
- to infinity. Despite the huge (and expensive!!) monitors they are
- making nowadays, they haven't made one that can display infinity
- number of pixels (surprise, surprise...) so 3D graph will graph the
- function and then "chop off" any points that lie higher (or lower)
- than the z limit you enter.
-
-
- HOW TO SAVE OR DELETE A GRAPH:
-
- OK, this is about as easy as it gets: to save a graph that
- you have entered........................click the "Save Graph"
- button. That's it. It will save the formula, and limits currently
- entered into the appropriate textboxes. To delete one of the
- graphs listed in the "Saved Graphs..." drop-box, simply select(view)
- that graph and then click on the "Delete Graph" button.
- At any rate, when you quit the program, all changes to the list will
- be saved to disk for the next time you run 3D Graph.
-
- WHAT'S THE "Center graph vertically" CHECKBOX MEAN?
-
- the graph is automatically positioned horizontally in the viewing
- window, but for instance the graph of:
- z(x,y)=2000
- would graph a flat surface 2000 units up. If the checkbox is
- left unchecked, you would see nothing in the window. But with
- this checked, the center of all points graphed will be calculated
- and that center will be in the center of your viewing window.
- The default is to have this feature on (I'm not sure why you
- wouldn't want this on ALWAYS, but hey....it's up to you!)
-
-
- AND THE "Scale graph vertically" CHECKBOX?
-
- It is useful to have this checked in the following example.
- Say you graph the function:
- z(x,y)=x^2+y^2
- and you set the Z limit to a large number like 100. The resulting
- graph is narrow but tall, and you will only see a part of it in
- the viewing window. To remedy this, make sure this checkbox is
- checked, and it will automatically scale the graph so that you can
- see the whole thing...keep in mind that this "squashes" the graph
- and what you are seeing is NOT proportional. This function too can
- be turned off. Thus you are assured that every graph you view is
- proportionally correct, but it makes viewing tall, skinny graphs
- difficult.
-
-
- THE ZOOM IN/OUT BUTTONS:
-
- These do exactly what you think they do...when a graph is visible,
- click on "Zoom In" to get closer to the graph, and "Zoom Out"
- to get further away. 3D Graph is automatically calculates the best
- view and zoom factor for you but if you want to zoom out or in,
- once again, that's up to you.
-
-
- THE DETAIL SLIDER BAR:
-
- This slider bar determines the resolution of the 3D graph. The
- default value is 10 divisions by 10 divisions. Drag the slider
- to the right and the resolution increases, left and it decreases.
- Of course as you increase resolution, you also increase the work
- 3D Graph has to do and this will slow down the rotation of the graph.
- The default value of 10 seems to be the best tradeoff to start with,
- but once you get the graph you'll be able to tell if you should view
- it at a higher resolution or not...if you have a Pentium 100Mhz you
- can boost up the Detail Slider quite a bit before you notice any
- reduction in speed. The maximum resolution offered is 50 divisions
- each way. This gives about as detailed a graph as possible.
- Of course you could drag the slider all the way to the left and see
- 1 division each way....if ya want...that's what the minimum value is.
-
-
- CONCLUSION:
-
- I hope you enjoy 3D Graph and I'm always interested in what users
- are doing with it! Feel free to let me know how you like it, any
- suggestions you have, or any comments.
- Jason Melquist
- RR1 Box 85B
- Morton, MN 56270
-
- For immediate comments or to contact me personally, you can email me at:
- jason.melquist@mankato.msus.edu
-
- This program was released in March of 1997. Beyond 1997 there will
- be newer versions/updates so keep an eye out. Also since I only have
- another year and a half before I graduate from Mankato State U, my
- address may well change after that time, if it does, a newer version
- will be out....look for it!!
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